Leadership and organisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Leadership and organisation - Essay Example Transformational leadership styles focus on motivation, team-building and collaboration with workers at different organizational levels to achieve for the better. Transformational leaders set incentives and goals to push subordinates to higher levels of performance, while offering opportunities for professional and personal growth for every worker (Hoyt & Blascovich, 2003). Transformational leadership concept is a very popular form of leadership. According to Burns (1985), transformational leadership is a process where leaders and followers rise together to higher levels of motivation and morality. A transformational leader is a model of fairness and integrity. They set clear goals, encourage others, possess very high expectations, offer recognition and support, encourage people to look beyond self-interest, stirs people’s emotions, and inspires other people to go for the improbable. According to Hoy & Miskel (2001), transformational leaders seek to recognize the need for change, concentrate on long-term goals, develop new visions and muster commitment to the vision, and mentor followers to embrace greater responsibility. Transformational leadership entails four essential components: idealized influence, which entails mutual trust and building respect through choosing the right thing rather than the expedient; inspirational motivation, which involves transmitting meaning via symbols and stories from which followers identify. It also helps followers to achieve the impossible through having high expectations; intellectual stimulation, in which workers are challenged to think and answer own questions; and individualized consideration, where people are recognized at their best when individual needs are considered, and accomplishments and efforts recognized and encouraged. These components make transformational leadership more effective

Boeing, Corporate Welfare Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Boeing, Corporate Welfare - Research Paper Example Despite of increasing national debt of $6 trillion, big profitable corporations like IBM, Motorola, General Electric, AT&T, FedEx, Lucent Technologies, United Technologies, Raytheon, General Motors, Mobil Oil, Enron, Halliburton and Boeing continued to receive corporate welfare (Barlett and Steele, 1998; Sanders, 2013, Welfareinfo, 2013; Slivinski, 2007). Half of the financial backing from Export-Import bank (EXIM bank), about 45.6 percent is consistently received by Boeing making it the largest receiver; in 2011 alone it received $40.7 billion as loan guarantees (De Rugy, 2012; Welfareinfo, 2013). In the present essay, critical evaluation of the issues concerning Boeing and corporate welfare is carried out. First it is defined for better understanding the term, then justification and motives behind corporate welfare are analyzed, followed by examining the degree of corporate welfare received by Boeing and its justification. The other aims of this essay are to know whether the people who pay the costs of corporate welfare necessarily reap the benefits and the case with Boeing. This essay also puts light on corporate welfare consistency with the advocacy of free markets and non-interference by government and what ultimately, crates fobs, prosperity, and rising in incomes and the difference in perspectives and evaluation of corporate welfare at the local, national and international level. 2. Corporate Welfare Definition expend Corporate welfare refers to all the expenditures by the government towards direct and indirect subsidies provided to private sector and businesses. Corporate welfare can be defined as â€Å"any federal spending program that provides payments or unique benefits and advantages to specific companies or industries† (Slivinski, 2007, p.1). The separate definitions of the two terms helps in understanding it better, welfare according to dictionary.com (2013, Para: 5) is â€Å"receiving financial aid from the government or from a private or ganization because of hardship and need†. And corporate welfare is nothing but â€Å"welfare for businesses usually given to big corporations† (Collins, 2009, Para: 2). Time magazine in its special coverage defines Corporate welfare â€Å"as any action by local, state or federal government that gives a corporation or an entire industry a benefit not offered to others† (Barlett and Steel, 1998, Para:4). However in US corporate welfare system is very complicated and extensive. Its aim is not to improve standard of living or poverty prevention unlike the welfare provided to individuals, this and its expanse of interests makes it a very controversial and debatable issue because a single congressional committee cannot monitor or control it (Welfare info, 2013). Corporate welfare can be in the form of subsidies, grants, aids, real estate, loans with low-interest rate, tax break, deferral, exemption, deduction, lower tax or a government service (Barlett and Steele, 1998 ). 3. Justifications for